Techno-economic analysis and environmental impact assessment of citric

Environmental impacts of citric acid production in three scenarios are assessed using the life cycle assessment approach. Citric acid production with ion exchange recovery method is the most environment-friendly scenario. ... When 80% flue gas desulfurization gypsum and phosphogypsum (weight of magnesium oxide) were incorporated into MOCP, the ...

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Ettringite-based binder from ladle slag and gypsum – The effect of

The retardant effects of citric acid on the properties of ettringite binders are not yet fully understood. This investigation provides insights into the effects of citric acid on both the fresh and hardened state properties of the binder produced from …

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The Effect of Recycled Citrogypsum as a …

The outcomes of this study demonstrate that recycled gypsum (RG) has environmental benefits in all assessed environmental impact categories when industrial gypsum waste (GW) was transported up to 50 km to the processing …

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Effect of citric acid on setting inhibition and mechanical properties

The role of citric acid, a retarder additive used to prolong the workability and setting time of gypsum binders, was studied at concentrations of 0, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 1500 and 3000 ppm with a constant water/binder ratio.The hydration process (setting) was studied by the knife method, conductivity measurements and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy, …

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Influence of citric acid on the fire behavior of gypsum coatings of

The fire had a greater effect on gypsum plasters containing citric acid as revealed by the cracking patterns and heat propagation profiles observed. Likewise, micro-cracks were observed in gypsum ...

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Recycling and disposal of gypsum-containing waste …

The cycle of citric acid production with the formation of gypsum-containing waste was considered and options for processing and utilization of citrogypsum were proposed.

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(PDF) Influence of Citric Acid Content on the Properties of Gypsum

Construction is among the most energy-consuming human activities, and energy is a problem on a finite planet. There is a search for new technologies that bring improvements and solutions in the optimization of low energy incorporated materials and

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Optimization of strength and microstructural properties of building

Multiple additives are usually required to achieve better constructability for building gypsum-based materials. In this work, ternary contour was designed to determine the optimal proportions of Ca(OH) 2 (CH), PCEs and citric acid (CA) by comprehensive considerations of water requirement, setting time, fluidity, strength, temperature, hydration products and …

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Effect of malic and citric acid on the crystallisation of gypsum

Malic acid has two acid groups and one hydroxyl group. Citric acid shows three acid groups and one hydroxyl group. In the present pH range ( 7), the acid functions are ionised since the acid constants are equal to 10–2.8, 10–4.2, and 10–4.7 for citric acid, 10–3.1 and 10–4.46 for malic acid [11]. The interatomic distances between the

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Recycling, reusing and environmental safety of industrial by …

This study summarized industrial by-product gypsum into eight types (flue gas desulphurization gypsum (FGDG), phosphogypsum (PG), titanium gypsum (TG), salt gypsum (SG), fluorgypsum (FG), nitro gypsum (NG), citric acid gypsum (CAG) and borogypsum (BG)). Subsequently, the chemical, physical properties and annual productivity associated with ...

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Effect of Citric Acid on the Crystal Morphology of Gypsum and Its

Effects of citric acid on crystalline habit and crystal morphology of gypsum dihydrate were analyzed in great detail. The retarding mechanism of citric acid was also discussed from …

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Light plastering citric acid gypsum mortar

The invention belongs to the technical field of mortar, and particularly relates to light plastering citric acid gypsum mortar. A light plastering citric acid gypsum mortar is prepared by mixing citric acid gypsum powder, heavy calcium carbonate powder, river sand and vitrified micro-beads as an aggregate; the light plastering citric acid gypsum mortar is prepared by mixing the redispersible ...

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Effect of citric acid on properties of recycled gypsum plaster to

Citric acid increases the fluidity of recycled gypsum plaster. Retarding effects are higher with high content of the admixture. Mechanical properties are diminished with the …

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Retardation of setting of plaster of Paris by organic acids

The simulations show that only in an alkaline environment is the crystal morphology of gypsum changed by retardation agents. The simulations provide a detailed description of retardation, for example, the specific mechanisms by which tartaric and citric acid retard setting of gypsum and how they differ. At high pH meso, D(-), and L(+) tartaric ...

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Influence of citric acid on the fire behavior of gypsum coatings of

The specimens were cured for 90 days in a laboratory environment (23±3 ºC y 55±10% HR). Before carrying out the tests, the specimens were kept in an oven at a temperature of 40 ºC until the mass was constant. ... However, in the gypsum with added citric acid, more prismatic shapes and a degree of amorphization of the crystalline framework ...

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Innovative synthesis of high-strength α-hemihydrate gypsum: …

Titanium gypsum (TG) is a light alkaline waste residue produced by adding limestone or calcium carbide slag to treat acidic wastewater during the production of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) from ilmenite (FeTiO 3) using the sulphuric acid method [1].The main ingredient of TG is calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O), which contains a large amount of …

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Ettringite-based binder from ladle slag and gypsum – The effect of

Citric acid can be used to retard the ettringite-forming reaction between Al-rich phases and gypsum. As reported in [3], citric acid added at 0.5 wt% to the mortar prolonged the initial setting time along with the presence of gypsum.In addition, in [2], the concentration of citric acid solution was 0.8 wt% in order to obtain an initial setting time of around 1 h.

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Inhibitory effect of novel green polymer (Aspartic-citric acid) on …

Citric acid monomer with presence of three active functional groups present overs its molecule can readily react with amines to form amides even in absence of any catalyst [17]. The mixture of aspartic and citric acid was thoroughly mixed and finely powdered using pestle and mortar before transferring it into a crucible bowl (Ceramic) [17 ...

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Recycling, reusing and environmental safety of industrial by …

Citric acid gypsum (CAG), a by-product from citric acid production processes, rich in calcium sulfate dihydrate, emerged during the reaction of precipitated calcium citrate with sulfuric acid in the calcium salt method.

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Effect of citric acid on setting inhibition and mechanical properties

The main effect of citric acid is to hinder the growth of gypsum, by binding onto gypsum crystal faces [25]. Citric acid binding depends on the crystalline faces, which results in the same time in ...

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Experimental Results on Set Retardation of -Hemihydrate Plaster …

It is shown in Table 3 that all three stereo isomers retard the setting of plaster by different times if an alkaline environment is used. ... of tartaric and citric acid on preferred gypsum ...

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Insight into citric acid: A versatile organic acid

The citric acid (CA) is an organic acid with a global market value of USD 3.6 billion. Due to its non-toxic and biodegradable nature, it is widely used in the food industry and various other industries such as pharmaceutical, biomedical, textile, and leather industries. ... is the most traditionally used one but it generates a large amount of ...

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Valorisation of gypsum boards with polyurethane waste to …

Previous research has reported internal disintegration of gypsum matrices caused by citric acid (Camarini et al., 2016), ... Environmental evaluation of gypsum plasterboard recycling. Minerals, 11 (2021), p. 101, 10.3390/min11020101. Google Scholar. Zaragoza-Benzal et al., 2024.

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Gypsum Crystallization in the Presence of Cr3+ and Citric Acid

Reactive crystallization of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) was investigated at pH 3.5 and 65 °C in the presence of citric acid and Cr3+ ions. Concentrations of both additives varied between 0 and 4000 ppm. The combined effect of additives on crystal size distributions, filtration characteristics, and crystal morphology were investigated and discussed.

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(PDF) Sulfuric acid and citric acid attack of calcium …

Attack of sulfuric acid and citric acid on PC and CSA-based binders was evaluated with respect to mass loss, dimensional change, cumulative H⁺ ion neutralisation, strength loss, and changes in ...

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About us | Citribel | producer | supplier of citric acid

We go way back. To 1919, to be exact. Upon the solid foundation of the past, we build for the future as a trusted citric acid producer, mycelium supplier, and manufacturer of trisodium citrate and monosodium citrate. We balance …

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Acid transformation of bauxite residue: Conversion of its alkaline

Alkaline transformation appears to reduce the environmental risk of bauxite residue disposal areas (BRDAs) whilst potentially providing opportunities for the sustainable reuse and on-going management of BR. ... a combination of sulfuric acid and gypsum, citric acid, a hybrid of citric acid and gypsum. In this paper the following objectives were ...

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Improvement of alkaline electrochemical characteristics of …

School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; 2. Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, ... From the SEM examination, citric acid and gypsum treatments contributed to the reduction in IEP and redistribution of —OH groups on particle surfaces ...

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Effect of malic and citric acid on the crystallisation of gypsum

Plaster or gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) is obtained from a suspension of β calcium hemihydrate (CaSO4·1/2H2O). The effect of two additives, known to retard setting, namely citric and malic acids, on the electrical conductivity and on the acoustic emission (AE) has been studied. This work presents the correlation obtained between these two techniques and their …

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Effects of glutaric acid, tricarballylic acid and citric acid on the

An aspect ratio (AR) close to 1 is essential to improve the quality and performance of α-HH gypsum. To solve this problem, the morphological modification of α-HH gypsum by modifiers such as glutaric acid (GA), tricarballylic acid …

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