Sealing Abandoned Areas in Underground Coal Mines …

This publication is intended to provide compliance information to mine operators, miners, and representatives of miners about sealing abandoned areas in underground coal mines. 2. What is the purpose of this guide? This guide contains compliance information to help mine operators meet the requirements of the seals final standard.

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Analysis of homemade peroxide-based explosives in water: A review

This additional group was created to separate and include insensitive explosives that are used in mining and demolition fields [2]. The last decade has witnessed a significant increase of terrorism and of the use of PBEs around the world. PBEs is a usual denomination for the most common and simple method of producing explosives: TATP, HMTD and ...

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'Black Christmas': Orient No. 2 Mine explosion devastated …

New Orient Mine No. 2 at West Frankfort on Dec. 21, 1951, after a methane explosion 500 feet below the surface. More than half of the 200 men working that night at the Chicago, Wilmington and ...

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12 Mining methods and method selection

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Study on the characteristics of compound dust source pollution …

In 2020, coal demand fell sharply due to the global spread of the Corona Virus Disease 2019, with the International Energy Agency (IEA) annual report showing a 4.4% decline in global coal demand (R. Liu et al., 2021a, Liu et al., 2021b).In 2021, world coal consumption rebounded sharply to grow 6% as the economy recovers(S. Li et al., 2020a).The International …

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Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of a Methane Gas

Methane gas explosions are a major risk in underground coal mining operations. The severity of such explosions can range from local area damage to massive loss of miners' lives along with significant damage to mine infrastructure and ventilation controls that may lead to mine closure and loss of the entire operation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling …

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Finite element method simulation of explosive compaction in …

This method is better suited for large deformations; however, in view of computation time, it is expensive. Alternatively, Hirt et al. [20] developed the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. In this method, which is a combination of both Lagrangian and Eulerian views, mesh deforms (like Lagrangian), however after each or multiple steps, this ...

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A review of hydrogen-air cloud explosions: The fundamentals

The BST method considers the different flame speeds of different explosives or VCEs, but it is generally similar to the TNO MEM. Both provide a family of curves that are used to select dimensionless parameters, which are then unscaled to determine the actual overpressures [156]. More details about these three methods can be found in Refs.

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Methods for the Geophysical Exploration and Sustainable

Underground coal mining results in large goafs and numerous abandoned mines that contain substantial amounts of coalbed methane. If this methane is not used and controlled, it will escape into the atmosphere through geological fractures and can result in serious greenhouse gas effects and environmental damage. Exploring and developing the coalbed methane …

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Surface and Buried Explosions: An Explorative Review with …

An overview of various prediction methods developed over the years based on dimensional analysis and theory of similarity to estimate crater dimensions and magnitude of ground shock and ground motion along with their limitations is presented. Prediction models used to define and optimise rock fragmentation distribution in surface mining ...

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A review on effects of different factors on gas explosions in

A number of underground explosions have occurred throughout the world. The worst underground mining tragedy, caused by a gas explosion in Australia, killed 96 people in 1902 (Radford, 2014). The deadliest underground coal mine explosion in human history occurred in 1942, resulting in 1549 fatalities at the Benxihu Colliery in China (Dhillon, 2010).

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Prevention and suppression of coal dust explosion in …

Coal dust is a hazardous by-product of the coal mining process. Owing to the adoption of mass production technology, the large amount of coal dust produced in underground coal mines has enhanced the prevalence of coal dust explosions and human health hazards [1].Coal dust explosion is a major threat to the mining industry due to the loss of valuable …

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THE EVANGELISM EXPLOSION METHOD OF …

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An Overview of Drilling and Blasting in Mining

Various methods of blasting have been incorporated in mining, such as: 1. Surface Blasting: Applied in open-pit mining, surface blasting ensures the effective fragmentation of large rock masses. Controlled Blasting: This method minimizes damage to surrounding areas using precise timing and reduced explosive charges. It is often used near ...

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What are the main methods of mining?

Each mining method also has varying degrees of impact on the surrounding landscape and environment. Learn More. Metal Mining and the Environment (Booklet), American Geosciences Institute Provides basic information about the mining cycle, from exploration for economic mineral deposits to mine closure. The booklet discusses the environmental ...

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Best practice explosion prevention

Explosive mixtures will always occur in gassy mines but this does not mean explosions must happen. In designing gas control measures, apply factors of safety large enough to …

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The graded warning method of coal spontaneous combustion in Tangjiahui Mine

The gas analysis method a common approach used in coal mines underground. It identifies the initiation and development of coal self-ignition on appearance or concentration change of some gaseous products in coal oxidation [18], [19].Adamus et al. [20] studied the generation process of index gas in coal spontaneous combustion. The study results revealed a …

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Dec. 21, 1951: 119 men die in Orient No. 2 Mine explosion

Rescue workers pull a miner worker from the Orient No. 2 coal mine in West Frankfort, Ill., Dec. 22, 1951, following an underground methane explosion.

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A 'gassy' Alabama coal mine sparks a home explosion | WBHM 90.3

"A distant boom," then the ground moved. An Inside Climate News review of state and federal mining records confirms that Griffice's home is located over a proposed expansion of an underground longwall mine—in which bladed machines shear off slices of coal along vast expanses—operated by Crimson Oak Grove Resources, LLC, one of the defendants listed in …

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Best practice gas control and explosion prevention

Effective explosion prevention involves: • A strong regulatory, inspection and enforcement system – experienced inspectors with the authority to halt the mine if operations are unsafe but also …

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Sampling techniques for mineral deposit | PPT

7. Basis of Sampling For the analytical results obtained to have any validity or meaning it is essential that appropriate sampling procedures be adopted. Thus sampling methods have 3 main groups. Those in which all the material is examined. Causal sampling on ad-hoc basis. Methods in which portions of the material are selected based on upon statistical properties.

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Suppression characteristics of methane/coal dust explosions by …

Methane/coal dust explosion suppression experiments were carried out in an 896-m mining tunnel. The suppression mechanism of NH 4 H 2 PO 4 powder during methane/coal …

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Occupational Radiation Protection in the Mining and …

This Safety Guide is aimed at regulatory bodies, operators of mines and mineral processing facilities, health and safety committees, workers and their representatives, and health and safety professionals. More Information on …

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Methods to determine the mine gas explosibility – An overview

In this paper, main popular and typical methods used in mining industry to determine the mine gas explosibility are introduced and reviewed. Case demonstrations for …

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A Method To Eliminate Explosion Hazards in Auger Highwall …

The auger highwall mining method is an effective meth- od to recover coal from a reserve when removal of the overburden by surface mining equipment becomes uneco- nomical. In this …

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The study of coal dust minimum explosion concentration

The MEC study for coal from Indonesia has been conducted on lignite coal (Widodo et al., 2019) and subbituminous coal (Azwar, 2019) for average an particle size of 63.5 µm, which indicates that the MEC of lignite is 225 g/m 3 on 10 kJ ignitor energy, and MEC of subbituminous coal is 160 g/m 3.However, the MEC value for subbituminous coal rank with different particle …

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Surface and Buried Explosions: An Explorative Review with …

Most common applications of explosive include fragmentation of geo-material to extract minerals in open-cast and deep underground mining, large earth excavation for …

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Overview of Explosion Protection Techniques

Basic concept: Ex n consists of several sub types of protection. In most cases being simplified versions of existing types of protection: Basic design is: safety by either limitation of radiation …

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Coal mining methods | PPT

3. Coal Mining is the term that encompasses the physical extraction or removal of coal from the Earth's Surface. When coal is used as fuel in power generation, it is referred to as Steaming or Thermal coal while those which are …

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How Aggregates Are Extracted | Construction Materials

How a rock quarry works. Rock quarries usually operate for at least 30 years and are developed in distinct benches or steps. A controlled explosion is normally used to release the rock from the working face.

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