Chalcopyrite compound semiconductors for thin film solar cells

Chalcopyrite thin-film tandem solar cells with 1.5 V open-circuit-voltage. 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference 7–12 May 2006 ... What is the dopant concentration in polycrystalline thin film absorbers? Thin Solid Films (2016), 10.1016/j.tsf.2016.09.038.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Chalcopyrite thin film solar cells by electrodeposition

This paper reviews the state of the art in using electrodeposition to prepare chalcopyrite absorber layers in thin film solar cells. Most of the studies deal with the direct preparation of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 films, and show that the introduction of gallium in the films is now becoming possible from single bath containing all the elements. Electrodeposition can also be …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Selective galena depression mechanism of tea polyphenol in chalcopyrite

A mixed mineral flotation test was conducted by manually mixing 1 g of chalcopyrite and galena and subjecting it to flotation testing at a pH of 8, TP concentration of 0 or 4 × 10 –4 mol/L, and SIX concentration at 4 × 10 –4 mol/L to evaluate the depressant ability of TP on galena during mixed flotation tests.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Aluminum‑Based Chalcopyrite Thin Films and Solar Cells

Aluminum‑based chalcopyrite materials have attracted attention because of the wide controllability range of their material properties and potential for use in energy‑conversion devices. Herein, CuAlSe2‑based thin‑film growth and solar cell device properties are discussed. Ternary CuAlSe2 thin films are relatively unstable and decompose weeks after film growth, …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Aluminum-Based Chalcopyrite Thin Films and Solar Cells

Aluminum-based chalcopyrite materials have attracted attention because of the wide controllability range of their material properties and potential for use in energy-conversion …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Identifying Key Parameters for Reducing …

With a record efficiency of 23.64% achieved in the past year, Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 chalcopyrites are the absorbers of choice for thin-film solar cells. In these devices, the p-type chalcopyrite absorber and the n-type window layer …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Depressants for separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite: …

Hydrophilic films can be formed on chalcopyrite surface to cover the surface, making surface hydrophilic. ... The adsorption concentration of DMSA on chalcopyrite is 0.29 mg/g, which is much higher than that on molybdenite (0.05 mg/g) after adding 46.67 mg/L of DMSA. In addition, the quantum chemistry results show that the frontier orbital ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Properties of flash evaporated chalcopyrite absorber films and …

Chalcopyrite thin films were produced by flash evaporation. ... In all cases the measured selenium concentration of the films was between 42 and 47%. For boat temperatures necessary to prevent a shift of the Cu to Ga and/or In ratio the layers showed a selenium concentration of typically 42–43 at.%. No significant influence of the substrate ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Hydrogen concentration in chalcopyrite thin film solar cells

A survey of the hydrogen concentration distribution in the various layers of chalcopyrite solar cells is presented. Depth profiles were measured by the nuclear reaction analysis method for the ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

US5389572A

The chalcopyrite film of the present invention has stoichiometric composition, and electrical characteristics such as p-n conduction type, carrier concentration and the like are controlled. A I-III-VI 2 chalcopyrite semiconductor film containing a Group VII element as a dopant, and methods to produce such a chalcopyrite film are provided.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Gallium gradients in chalcopyrite thin films: Depth profile analyses …

Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 films are used as absorber layers in chalcopyrite thin film solar cells. As the gallium concentration in the absorber can be used to control the band gap, there have been many efforts to vary the gallium concentration in depth to gain an optimum balance of light absorption, carrier collection, and recombination at different depths of the absorber film, …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Chalcopyrite Dissolution: Challenges | SpringerLink

The lattice energy of chalcopyrite is close to 17,000 kJ mol −1, and the standard enthalpy of formation ΔH f and the standard Gibbs free energy of formation ΔG f ° values are −193.6 and −190.6 kJ mol −1, respectively.These ΔH f and ΔG f ° values are in the common range for sulfide minerals and do not explain the recalcitrance and unfavorable kinetics of chalcopyrite …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Optimizing CuFeS2 Chalcopyrite Thin Film Synthesis: A

The optimized thin film exhibits a plate-like surface morphology and demonstrates p-type semiconducting behavior with a purity of 93% for the CFS chalcopyrite phase. These …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Flexible n -Type Abundant …

TE properties of binary and ternary film as a function of Cu 0.98 Zn 0.02 FeS 2 mass: (a) electrical conductivity, (b) carrier concentration, (c) carrier mobility, (d) schematic illustration of ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Aluminum-Based Chalcopyrite Thin Films and Solar Cells

A decrease in the alkali metal concentration in CIAS films with increasing Al concentration is observed, indicating that the formation energy of alkali-metal substitutional defects on the Cu site is high, and/or Al-related complex defects formed are kinetically stable and difficult to replace with alkali metals once they form.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Advancement in Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide (CIGS)-Based Thin-Film

Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS)-based solar cells have received worldwide attention for solar power generation. CIGS solar cells based on chalcopyrite quaternary semiconductor CuIn 1-x GaxSe 2 are one of the leading thin-film photovoltaic technologies owing to highly beneficial properties of its absorber, such as tuneable direct band gap (1.0–1.7 eV), …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Solar Cells, Chalcopyrite-Based Thin Film | SpringerLink

Alloys of multinary chalcopyrite compounds allow all kinds of bandgap variations in the absorber film. The system of copper chalcopyrites covers the visible spectrum with a wide range of …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Properties of Chalcopyrite-Based Materials and Film

The development of chalcopyrite-based solar cells started in the early 1970s, when Wagner et al. [1] realized a 12% efficient solar cell based on a CuInSe 2 single crystal. A few years later, Kazmerski et al. [2] were able to demonstrate the first thin-film solar cell by evaporation of CuInSe 2 as a compound. Even though these results were very promising it took two decades until the …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Photovoltaic Efficiency Enhancement of Indium-Free …

In this article, high VOC and high FF values of wide-gap chalcopyrite CuGaSe 2 thin-film solar cells are simultaneously demonstrated using an aluminum-induced back-surface field effect.

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Gallium gradients in chalcopyrite thin films: Depth profile

Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 films are used as absorber layers in chalcopyrite thin film solar cells. As the gallium concentration in the absorber can be used to control the band gap, there have been many efforts to vary the gallium concentration in depth to gain an optimum balance of light absorption, carrier collection, and recombination at different depths of the absorber film, leading to improved …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Effect of Different Crushing Methods on Chalcopyrite Liberation …

Finally, based on these test results, the suitability of gravity concentration for chalcopyrite was evaluated. 3. Results and Discussion 3.1. Mineral Composition and Chemistry of the Sample Particle Size Characteristics. The chemical composition of the sample is shown in …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Chalcopyrite thin-film solar cells by industry-compatible ink-based

Chalcopyrite-based thin-film solar cells made by vacuum deposition techniques have recently proven that they are serious candidates to compete with crystalline silicon technology, which is still dominating the market in the photovoltaic industry: in the laboratory, power conversion efficiency of 14.5% (0.447 cm²) [1] has been reached for CuInSe 2 (CIS) …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Numerical studies on a ternary AgInTe2 chalcopyrite thin film …

Herein, a ternary alloy AgInTe 2-based thin film solar cell has been studied for high efficiency.AgInTe 2 (AIT) is one of the I-III-VI 2 triune chalcopyrite mixture which has got a special animus because of its application to photovoltaic solar cells and optical devices [14,15].Some researchers have focused on AgInTe 2 and the majority of which belongs to elastic constants …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Interfacial alkali diffusion control in chalcopyrite thin-film solar

Alkali elements, specifically sodium (Na), are key materials to enhance the energy conversion efficiencies of chalcopyrite and related thin-film photovoltaic solar cells. Recently, the effect of potassium (K) has also attracted attention because elemental K has unique effects different from Na as we …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Formation of Cu(In,Ga)S2 chalcopyrite thin films

It was found that Zr and W co-doping of VO2 thin films with ~ 0.3 at% Zr and ~ 0.95 at% W concentration improves luminous transmittance to about 48.4% compared to 40.5 and 26.2% for pristine VO2 ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Bioleaching of copper from chalcopyrite ore at higher NaCl

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2) is economically the most important Cu-sulfide mineral in the world, and unlike many other sulfide minerals, it is known to be recalcitrant in hydrometallurgical processing (Bobadilla-Fazzini et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2014).In recent years, due to depleting high-grade copper resources, the processing of chalcopyrite-based primary low-grade ores …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Toward Understanding Chalcopyrite Solar Cells via …

While silicon solar cells are current market leaders in this respect, thin-film solar cells based on chalcopyrite, perovskite, and organic materials can be used to produce portable, flexible, wearable, and building-integrated …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

The dissolution and passivation mechanism of chalcopyrite in

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2) is the most abundant copper-containing resource in the earth and is also widely distributed in solid wastes and secondary resources.Biohydrometallurgy (bioleaching) is considered as a promising minerals processing and extractive metallurgy technology because of its environmental and economic advantages over the conventional …

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Hydrogen concentration in chalcopyrite thin-film solar cells

A survey of the hydrogen concentration distribution in the various layers of chalcopyrite solar cells is presented. Depth profiles were measured by the nuclear reaction analysis method for the glass substrate, Mo back contact, Cu(In,Ga)S2 or Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorber, CdS buffer, and ZnO window layer. We find that hydrogen is present in all layers in concentrations exceeding the solubility of ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073

Toward Understanding Chalcopyrite Solar Cells via …

thin-film solar cells based on chalcopyrite, perovskite, and organic materials can be used to produce portable, flexible, wear- ... concentration via p-doping,[26,27] heavy AMs form a segregated AM-In-Se secondary phase at the grain boundaries and CdS/ CIGS interface, which passivates defects at the grain bounda- ...

WhatsApp: +86 18221755073