Purification of crude As2O3 recovered from antimony smelting arsenic

Antimony smelting arsenic-alkali residue is an arsenic-containing waste residue produced in the refining process of crude antimony by adding alkali to remove arsenic, and its main components are sodium carbonate and sodium arsenate (Guo et al., 2014; Long et al., 2020).Our previous study has disposed of arsenic-alkali residue through leaching, …

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Antimony Metallurgy

Antimonite ore is processed by hand-picking–flotation or heavy medium separation–flotation to pick out lump ore, rich lump ore, and concentrate that will go into the smelting process. Antimony smelting is done through the pyrometallurgical process or the hydrometallurgical process, but mostly the pyrometallurgical process.

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Antimony smelting process generating solid wastes and dust

A large amount of solid waste has been produced by the antimony smelting process in the "World Capital of Antimony", Xikuangshan area in China. This study comprehensively investigated the physical and chemical characteristics of the various solid wastes, as well as the leaching behavior of the solid wastes, which included water-quenched slag ...

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A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of …

A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of Antimony KAI LIANG,1,2 BAOZHONG MA,1,2,3 YARUI AN,1,2 YANG ZHANG,1,2 YONGQIANG CHEN,1,2 and CHENGYAN WANG1,2,4 ... used minerals in the smelting process are stibnite and jamesonite. Antimony ore is a mineral com-pound with a complex mineral composition and microstructure. …

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Present Situation and Research Progress of Comprehensive

The production process of antimony produces a large amount of solid waste, such as waste rock in mining, tailings in the beneficiation, metallurgical slag in the smelting, and so on. At present, most of these solid wastes are currently in storage, and the storage of a large amount of solid wastes is not only harmful to the local ecological environment but also a waste of …

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A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of …

Antimony is commonly obtained by smelting antimony ores and recovery from certain secondary sources. Two main methods are used to obtain antimony ore: …

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Antimony, a pollutant of emerging concern: A review on industrial

Antimony comes into the environment through both geogenic and anthropogenic means, such as weathering of rocks containing antimony, antimony mining and smelting activities, combustion of coal and also through the use of various products containing antimony (He et al., 2019). Antimony and the compounds containing antimony had been classified as ...

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Analysis of Antimony Sulfide Oxidation Mechanism in Oxygen …

Oxygen Side-Blown Smelting Process. A domestic antimony smelting plant adopts a side-blown furnace for oxygen-enriched smelting, and the schematic of the oxygen side-blown antimony smelting process is shown in Fig. 2.The molten pool depth is 1100 ~ 2500 mm, and the oxygen lances are installed at the side of the furnace to blow oxygen and natural gas into the molten …

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Antimony Metallurgy

Antimony smelting is done through the pyrometallurgical process or the hydrometallurgical process, but mostly the pyrometallurgical process. This is mostly the …

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Gold Smelting & Refining Process

When the smelting process is complete, the charge is poured into a mold. Once the slag is cool, this can be separate from lead and precious metals by using a hammer or any device than can break the slag. The metallic product is named button and have to be processed in the other smelting process called cupellation.

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Antimony Vaporization and Condensation in Simulated Flash Smelting …

Antimony is one of the most deleterious impurity elements in copper smelting and has a strong tendency to vaporize in the smelting furnace resulting in an enrichment of antimony in smelter flue dusts. The vaporization and condensation behavior of antimony species was studied in dust-free conditions simulating the off-gas train of a Flash Smelting Furnace at …

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Selection on the Process of Enriching Gold by Smelting from

The smelting process also shows that there is a proportional relationship between the contents of antimony and gold in antimony-ferrous matte. Therefore, the direct smelting process of refractory gold ores was proposed, during which the refractory gold ores are mixed with fluxes and melted directly to enrich gold in ferrous matte, and then gold ...

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(PDF) Present Situation and Research Progress of …

The production process of antimony produces a large amount of solid waste, such as waste rock in mining, tailings in the beneficiation, metallurgical slag in the smelting, and so on.

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Antimony and gold substance flows analysis of pyrometallurgical …

At present, the research on improving antimony smelting efficiency and reducing pollutant emission mainly focuses on the blast furnace smelting-reverberatory furnace of …

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Antimony and arsenic substance flow analysis in antimony

It brings technological challenges to the antimony smelting and purification process. Moreover, the generation of arsenic-containing pollutants in this process is a major environmental problem. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the distribution behavior of arsenic in the smelting process to realize the clean production of antimony.

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Antimony Processing: Unlocking the Potential of a …

These techniques involve processes like smelting, leaching, or hydrometallurgical methods to extract antimony from the secondary sources and refine it into usable forms. By employing refining techniques, impurities are …

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A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of Antimony

Semantic Scholar extracted view of "A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of Antimony" by Kai Liang et al. Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip ... {Liang2025ASO, title={A Summary of Smelting and Secondary Recovery Process of Antimony}, author={Kai Liang and Bao-zhong Ma and Yarui An and Yang Zhang and Yongqiang Chen and ...

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Antimony Smelting

Methods of Smelting: A. Treatment of Poor Ore, from 20 to 35 Per Cent. Sb.— The process of volatilizing roasting is always adopted to roast these products to the volatile xide …

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Antimony Processing: Unlocking the Potential of a Versatile Element

The primary sources of antimony extraction are stibnite (antimony trisulfide) and valentinite (antimony xide). The extraction process typically involves several steps, including mining, concentration, and smelting. Mining involves the extraction of antimony-rich ore from underground or open pit mines.

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Antimony Recovery from End-of-Life Products and Industrial Process

The removal of antimony from antimony dust captured during the direct lead smelting process has been studied by Liu et al. They proposed a pyrometallurgical process based on reduction smelting, alkaline refining, and oxidation to extract antimony from antimony dust and produce Sb 2 O 3 with a purity above 99.8 % .

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Behavior of Tin and Antimony in Secondary Copper Smelting Process …

This article investigates the behavior of tin and antimony, both commonly present as trace elements in electrical and electronic waste, in secondary (i.e., sulfur-free) copper smelting conditions. The experiments were conducted in oxygen partial pressure range of 10−10–10−5 atm, covering the different process steps in copper smelting.

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Process for smelting and separating antimony from gold

A process for smelting and separating antimony from gold includes the following steps: feeding auriferous oxygen powder obtained from a blast furnace by volatilization smelting into a reverberator, obtaining auriferous refined antimony by reduction smelting at a temperature of 800 to 1000 degrees centigrade, adding the auriferous refined antimony into an antimony white …

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MIT's accidental smelting discovery unlocks the potential of …

Electrolysis, or electrolytic refining, is a technique that is already in use for the extraction and purification of metals, and it is a much more cost-effective and efficient technique than traditional heat-based smelting methods. Indeed, it was the discovery of the Hall-Héroult electrolytic process more than a hundred …

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One-step extraction of antimony from low-grade stibnite in Sodium

On the other hand, the current antimony smelting process which involves roasting the concentrate in a blast furnace, volatilizing the resulting Sb 2 O 3, and reducing the Sb 2 O 3 with carbon to metallic Sb, always results in serious environmental pollution. In another aspect, reducing smelting temperature come out two main advantages.

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Metallic antimony preparation by carbothermic reduction of …

The highly concentrated SO 2 generated in the smelting process can directly produce sulfuric acid. However, the traditional pyrometallurgical process produces a large quantity of pollution in the smelting process of antimony sulfide ores with low sulfur content. The main reason is that low-concentration SO 2 does not form sulfuric acid directly.

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REDUCTION SMELTING OF ANTIMONY CONCENTRATE …

in this area is focused at a smelting reduction process to obtain rough antimony and antimony xide hydro - metallurgical processing [7 - 9]. Antimony concentrate smelting reduction is per-formed in absence or presence of fluxes. The techno-logical parameters effect on the antimony behavior is not considered in the literature.

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Numerical computation study of intensified smelting furnace for

This research investigates the application of mathematical models in multiphase flows for antimony smelting process. It highlights the effectiveness of using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model with an explicit iteration numerical calculation format to achieve high accuracy and save computational resources. The study includes a grid sensitivity ...

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Green and Effective Purification of Antimony and Recovery of …

Noble antimony is the carrier of precious metals in the antimony smelting system and has a very high added value. This study proposes a novel, green, and effective vacuum gasification process for purifying antimony and recovering precious metals from noble antimony. Saturated vapor pressure and separation coefficients (β) were used to qualitatively analyze the …

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AP-42, CH 12.3: Primary Copper Smelting

A typical pyrometallurgical copper smelting process, as illustrated in Figure 12.3-1, includes 4 steps: roasting, smelting, concentrating, and fire refining. Ore concentration is roasted to reduce impurities, including sulfur, antimony, arsenic, and lead. The roasted product, calcine, serves as a dried and heated charge for the smelting furnace.

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A Review on Pyrometallurgical Extraction of Antimony from

Antimony is classified as a critical/strategic metal. Its primary production is predominated by China via pyrometallurgical routes such as volatilization roasting—reduction …

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